Have you ever heard of a UTR number and wondered what it means? If you’re self-employed, running a business, or even just dealing with your personal taxes, chances are, you’ll come across this term at some point.
A UTR (Unique Taxpayer Reference) number is an essential part of the UK tax system and understanding it can save you a lot of hassle.
In this guide, you’ll get to know:
- What Is a UTR Number,
- How To Find a UTR Number,
- How to Apply Online for a UTR Number
- And Much More…
Let’s get into it!
What Exactly Is A UTR Number?
A UTR number is a 10 digit number which is assigned by HMRC to individuals & businesses. This number identifies taxpayers within the UK’s tax system.
You’ll need it for things like filing your tax return, paying your taxes, or signing up for VAT. Not having a UTR number means you can’t submit a self assessment or do other important tax related tasks.
Types of UTR Number
Depending on the entity, there are typically three types of UTR numbers:
- Individual UTR: Issued to individuals who need to file a Self Assessment tax return.
- Partnership UTR: Issued for the partnership itself as a separate entity. In addition to the individual UTRs each partner needs for their personal tax returns.
- Company UTR: Issued to limited companies for corporation tax purpose.
Example of UTR Number
UTR is generally a 10-digit number A standard example of a UTR is: 1234567890.
Who Needs a UTR Number?
Anyone who has to file a Self Assessment tax return will need a Unique Taxpayer Reference number.
This includes:
- Self-employed individuals like sole traders, freelancers and contractors who earn more than £1,000 a year from their business.
- Limited company directors, who need a personal UTR for their Self Assessment return in addition to a separate UTR for the company itself.
- Business partners in a partnership, where both the partnership and each individual partner need their own UTR.
- Individuals with other forms of untaxed income. This can include rental income from property, investment income, or income from abroad.
How To Get A UTR Number?
To get a UTR number in the UK, register for Self Assessment with HMRC if you are self-employed, or incorporate a limited company through Companies House.
For Self-Employed Individuals (Sole Traders)
Register for Self Assessment online through the GOV.UK website. After you register, HMRC will send your 10-digit UTR number to you by post.
- Create a Government Gateway account if you haven’t yet.
- Gather your personal details such as your
- Date of birth
- Full name
- Address
- National Insurance number
- Phone number and email address
- Provide business details, including the date you started your self-employment and the type of business you have.
- Receive your UTR by post. This usually takes up to 15 days, or longer if you are overseas.
For Limited Companies
- Register your company with Companies House.
- Receive your UTR for Corporation Tax by post. It will be sent to your company’s registered office address, typically within 14 days.
If You Are Not Self-Employed
If you are not self-employed but earn income from other sources, you may still need a UTR. For that you must register for Self Assessment online via the GOV.UK website.
After you register
Once the registration is complete you will receive your UTR by post. It typically arrives within 15 working days, though it may take longer if you live overseas. For security reasons, the UTR is not sent electronically.
Once your UTR arrives:
- Activate your online account: You will receive a separate activation code by post. You need to use this code to activate your online Self Assessment account. Ensure to do this within 28 days of receiving the code.
- Find your UTR online: After setting up your account, you can find your UTR anytime by logging into your HMRC Personal Tax Account or by using the HMRC app.
How to Apply Online for a UTR Number (Self-Employed)
- Visit the GOV.UK website. Search for “register for self assessment” or go directly to the registration page.
- Create a Government Gateway account.
- Choose the correct registration type. Select the option that says you are registering as a “sole trader”.
- Provide your personal and business details. This includes information such as:
- Full name and date of birth
- Your National Insurance (NI) number
- Your current address, phone number & email address
- The date when your self employment started
- The nature of your business or work
- Submit your application. After completing the online form, you will submit your registration to HMRC.
How To Find Your UTR Number
If you’ve already registered for Self Assessment, there are a few ways to find your UTR number:
Online HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) account
If you have an online HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) account, you can find your UTR by logging in:
- HMRC App: Your UTR is displayed within your Personal Tax Account on the official HMRC app.
- Government Gateway: Log in to your Personal Tax Account through the Government Gateway. Your UTR will be at the top of the “Your details” section.
- Limited Company Account: For a business UTR, you need to log into your Business Tax Account. And go to the “Corporation Tax” section.
On official correspondence
Your UTR is printed on most official letters from HMRC. Look for it on these documents:
- “Welcome to Self Assessment” letter: The letter you received when you first registered.
- Notices to file a tax return: These are sent to remind you of an upcoming deadline.
- Payment reminders: Any payment demand letters will include your UTR.
- Previous tax returns: If you have copies of past tax returns, your UTR will be on the paperwork.
- Statement of account: Your UTR is on any statements from HMRC regarding your tax account.
What To Do If You’ve Lost Your UTR Number?
It’s easy to lose track of your UTR number, especially if you haven’t needed it for a while. But don’t worry, there are several ways to retrieve it.
For Individuals And Sole Traders
1. Check online
By logging into the HMRC app on your phone or by logging into your Personal Tax Account on the GOV.UK website. Your UTR should be visible within the Self Assessment section or on your account summary.
2. Look for old correspondence
Your 10-digit UTR is printed on various documents from HMRC. Check any of the following you have saved:
- Your “Welcome to Self Assessment” letter
- Previous tax returns
- Payment reminders or statements of account
- Notices to file a tax return
3. Call the Self Assessment helpline
If you cannot find your UTR online or on any documents, call the HMRC Self Assessment helpline.
- Telephone: 0300 200 3310
- When you call: Have your National Insurance number and other personal details ready to confirm your identity.
- Receive UTR by post: For security, HMRC will send your UTR to your registered home address. This usually takes up to 15 days, or longer if you are overseas.
For Limited Companies And Partnerships
1. Check business documents
- HMRC correspondence: Look for your company’s UTR on letters related to Corporation Tax, including the welcome letter or tax return reminders (CT603).
- Online Business Tax Account: Your UTR is available in your Business Tax Account if you have registered for HMRC’s online services.
2. Request a copy online
If you have a limited company and still cannot find your UTR, you can request a copy online from HMRC. HMRC will send the UTR to the registered business address listed with Companies House.
If You Have An Accountant
If you have an accountant, they should have a record of your UTR. You can simply ask from them.
What Information Do I Need To Register For A UTR Number?
When registering for a UTR, you’ll need to provide information like:
- Your National Insurance number
- Your date of birth
- Details of your business (if registering for Corporation Tax)
- Your address where HMRC can send your UTR number
- For businesses, you’ll also need to have registered with Companies House.
Do You Need A UTR Number To Submit Your Return?
Yes, you do need a UTR number if you’re submitting a self-assessment tax return, whether as an individual or a business.
What Is A UTR Number For A Company?
Just like individuals, companies in the UK have their own UTR numbers. This is necessary for Corporation Tax purposes. If you set up a limited company, HMRC will automatically send your business a company UTR after you register with Companies House. This is entirely separate from your personal UTR, even if you are the sole director of the company.
How Long Does It Take To Receive A UTR Number In The UK and Overseas?
Around 15 days by post if you’re in the UK. If you’re abroad, it might take a little longer, depending on your location, as the number is sent by mail.
Is a UTR Number the Same as a National Insurance (NI) Number?
No, a UTR number is completely different from a National Insurance (NI) number.
The UTR number, as discussed above, is a 10-digit number issued by HMRC. It is issued specifically for managing self-reported tax obligations. It is assigned to self-employed individuals, run a business, or need to file a tax return.
A National Insurance Number is a unique identifier for your overall social security and tax records. It ensures that all the taxes you pay are correctly linked to your name. It is issued to you automatically around your 16th birthday and stays with you for life, regardless of whether you are employed, self-employed, or unemployed.
Does a UTR Number Expire?
No, a UTR number never expires. Once HMRC issues your 10-digit UTR, it remains yours for life. However, if you stop working for yourself and no longer need to complete a Self Assessment tax return, HMRC will simply mark your account as “dormant” or inactive.
If your circumstances change later and you need to file a tax return again, you do not apply for a new number. You simply use the same UTR to resume filing your tax returns, and HMRC will automatically reactivate it.
Do I Have to Pay for a UTR Number?
No. You never have to pay for a UTR number. You just need to register for Self Assessment directly through the GOV.UK Register for Self Assessment portal. After you register, HMRC will send your 10-digit UTR number to you by post. As discussed, this usually takes up to 15 days, or longer if you are overseas.
But you need to be highly cautious of third-party “scam” websites or lookalike agencies that appear in search engine ads. These websites often use official-looking branding and logos to trick users and charge fees to submit their basic registration form to HMRC. Always ensure you are using the official government portal by checking that the website URL ends strictly in .gov.uk before entering any personal details.
Is A UTR Number and Tax Code Same?
No, a UTR number and tax code aren’t the same. The UTR number identifies you or your company for tax purposes. A tax code, on the other hand, is used by your employer or HMRC to calculate how much tax should be deducted from your salary. They are separate identifiers for different tax-related functions.
What If I Can’t Find My UTR?
If you can’t find your UTR number, it’s easy to retrieve. You can look for old tax return documents or correspondence from HMRC. You can also log into your HMRC online account to find your UTR number. Or contact HMRC directly if you’re unable to find it.
Do I Need More Than 1 UTR Number?
No, you only need one UTR number per individual or business. However, if you’re self-employed and also run a company, each of these will have separate UTR numbers one for your personal self-assessment and one for your business.
The Bottom Line
In the UK, your UTR number is one of the most important identifiers for your tax dealing. Whether you’re a freelancer, a business owner, or just someone filing taxes, understanding how to get and manage your UTR is essential. Also, make sure to keep it secure and easily accessible for all your future tax dealings.
WE CAN HELP
At Accotax, we’re here to make tax matters easier for you. Whether you need help finding your UTR number, registering for self-assessment, or managing your company’s tax returns, our team is ready to support you every step of the way. Reach out to us and get an instant quote today!
Disclaimer: This blog is written for general information about the Unique Taxpayer Reference.
